Dhaka
| Dhaka | |
|---|---|
| Country | Bangladesh |
| Established | 1608 |
| Area (km²) | 306.4 |
| Population | 23,210,000 |
| Coordinates | 23.8103°N 90.4125°E |
| Timezone | BST |
| Postal Code | 1000 |
Dhaka (Bengali: ঢাকা) is the capital and largest city of Bangladesh, located in the central part of the country along the banks of the Buriganga River. Known as the "City of Mosques" and the "Rickshaw Capital of the World," Dhaka is a vibrant metropolis and one of the most densely populated cities globally.[1]
History
Early History
Dhaka's origins can be traced back to the 7th century when it was a small settlement under the Bengal Sultanate. The city gained prominence in the early 17th century when it became the capital of Mughal Bengal. During this period, it was renowned for its fine muslin fabric and thriving trade.[2]
Colonial Era
Under British colonial rule, Dhaka lost much of its significance but remained an important administrative and commercial hub. The construction of educational institutions like Dhaka College and landmarks like Curzon Hall took place during this period.[3]
Post-Independence
After the independence of Bangladesh in 1971, Dhaka was declared the capital. It experienced rapid growth in population and urbanization, becoming the political, economic, and cultural heart of the nation.[4]
Geography
Dhaka is situated in the delta region of Bangladesh, characterized by a tropical climate. It is prone to monsoon rains, flooding, and occasional cyclones due to its low-lying geography.[5]
Economy
Dhaka is the economic powerhouse of Bangladesh, contributing significantly to the country's GDP. Key industries include textiles, finance, trade, and IT. The city houses major economic zones like the Dhaka EPZ.[6]
Culture
The city is a cultural hub, hosting festivals like Pohela Boishakh (Bengali New Year) and Ekushey Book Fair. Historical landmarks include Lalbagh Fort, Ahsan Manzil, and the National Parliament House, designed by Louis Kahn.[7]
Transportation
Dhaka's transportation system relies heavily on rickshaws, buses, and a limited metro rail system. The city's traffic congestion is among the worst globally, prompting significant investments in urban transportation projects.[8]
Demographics
As of 2023, Dhaka's population exceeds 23 million, making it one of the largest cities in the world. It is a melting pot of diverse communities and cultures, with Bengalis forming the majority.[9]